POINT BY POINT OUTLINE
Prepared by Rabbi P. Feldman of Kollel Iyun Hadaf, Yerushalayim daf@dafyomi.co.il http://www.dafyomi.co.il
1) PRESSURE ON THE FATHER TO GIVE A DOWRY
(a) Rav Papa was marrying off his son to a daughter of Aba
Sura'ah. He went to Aba Sura'ah's house to write the
Kesuvah. (Presumably, Aba Sura'ah would likewise give to
his daughter.) Yehudah bar Meremar accompanied Rav Papa,
and showed that he did not want to enter the house.
(b) Rav Papa: Perhaps you do not want to enter due to
Shmuel's opinion?
1. Shmuel (to Rav Yehudah): Do not take part in
transferring inheritance, even from a bad son to a
good son. Perhaps the bad son will have good
offspring!
2. Suggestion: All the more so, one should not transfer
from a son to a daughter!
(c) Rejection (Rav Papa): Chachamim decreed to encourage
dowries, like R. Yochanan taught above!
(d) Yehudah: That is when the father wants to give. He should
not be coerced!
(e) Rav Papa: I do not ask you to coerce him, merely to
enter!
(f) Yehudah bar Meremar: My entering is like coercing (he
will give more, to honor me)!
1. Rav Papa coerced Yehudah to enter. Yehudah sat
silently. Aba Sura'ah thought 'he is angry because I
am not giving enough.' He wrote all his property to
his daughter.
(g) Aba Sura'ah: You still won't speak?! I swear that I
didn't leave anything for myself!
(h) Yehudah: I disapproved of giving even the first amount!
(i) Aba Sura'ah: If so, I will retract!
(j) Yehudah: I do not counsel you to be a retractor.
2) WHEN ARE PRIVILEGES OF THE "KESUVAH" FORFEITED?
(a) Question (Rav Yemar): If a woman sold her Kesuvah to her
husband, does she still have Kesuvas Benin Dichrin?
1. Rava: You should ask about if she pardoned the
Kesuvah!
2. Rav Yemar: I asked about one who sold her Kesuvah,
even though she was forced (by the need for money)
as if she was beaten 100 times. All the more so, if
she pardoned it (I ask whether or not she forfeits
Kesuvas Benin Dichrin)!
(b) (Rava): Clearly, if she sells the Kesuvah to others, she
retains Kesuvas Benin Dichrin. Financial pressure forced
her;
(c) If she pardons the Kesuvah to her husband, clearly she
loses Kesuvas Benin Dichrin. She pardoned it.
(d) Question (Rava): If she sold the Kesuvah to her husband,
what is the law?
1. Is this like selling it to others, or like pardoning
to her husband?
(e) Answer (Rava): It is like selling to others.
(f) Question (Rav Idi bar Avin - Mishnah): If a woman (who
remarried based on a witness who (falsely) testified that
her husband died) died, her heirs from both husbands do
not inherit her Kesuvah.
1. Question: But the Mishnah already said that she
receives no Kesuvah!
2. Answer (Rav Papa): Her heirs do not receive Kesuvas
Benin Dichrin.
3. Summation of question: According to Rava's
reasoning, they should receive it. Her desire to
remarry is like being forced!
(g) Answer: There, Chachamim fined her. (Chachamim were
lenient to let her remarry through one witness, relying
on her to first verify that her husband truly died.)
(h) (Ravin bar Chanina citing R. Elazar): One who pardons her
Kesuvah to her husband is not fed.
1. Rav Chisda: Had you not said that in the name of a
great Chacham, I would apply "One who repays evil
for good, evil will not depart from his home" (and
she should be fed).
(i) An Arusah died. Rav Nachman, Ula and Avimi ruled that the
Arus must bury her or pay her Kesuvah.
(j) Question (Rav Chiya bar Ami - Mishnah): If an Arus or
Arusah died, the law of an Onen (one who lost a relative,
before the burial) does not apply to the spouse, and the
spouse does not become Tamei by engaging in the burial;
1. If she died, he does not inherit her. If he died,
she collects a Kesuvah.
2. Inference: When she dies, there is no Kesuvah. (I.e.
we do not obligate him to bury her in exchange for
inheriting her Kesuvah, like we said about a Nesu'ah
- 47b, 3:b.)!
3. (Rav Hoshaya): This is because "When you will (be
allowed to) marry another, you will receive what I
wrote to you" does not apply.
4. (Since the Arus did not inherit anything from her,
he need not bury her!)
(k) (Ravin): An Arusah who died does not receive a Kesuvah.
(l) Abaye: We already learned this from R. Hoshaya!
53b----------------------------------------53b
3) HOW LONG ARE ORPHAN GIRLS FED?
(a) (Mishnah): Daughters you will have from me (will be
fed)...
(b) (Rav): The Mishnah reads 'until they are taken by men';
(c) (Levi): It reads 'until Bagrus (6 months after Na'arus)'.
(d) Question: Does Rav really say that she is fed after
Bagrus? Does Levi really say that she is fed after
marriage?
(e) Clarification: Both agree that she is not fed after
Bagrus or Nisu'in. They argue about after Kidushin but
before Bagrus.
(f) Levi taught in his version of the Mishnah 'until Bagrus
and the time for Nisu'in comes.'
(g) Objection: Does she eat until both come?!
(h) Correction: Rather, he taught 'until Bagrus or the time
for Nisu'in.'
(i) Tana'im argue as Rav and Levi do:
1. (Beraisa): Girls are fed until Kidushin;
2. R. Elazar says, They are fed until Bagrus.
(j) (Rav Yosef - Beraisa): (They are fed) until they will be
(married) to men.
(k) Question: Does this mean until Kidushin, or until
Nisu'in?
(l) This question is unresolved.
(m) Question (Rav Chisda to Rav Yosef): Did you hear Rav
Yehudah's opinion about whether or not an Arus is fed?
(n) Version #1 - Answer (Rav Yosef): I did not hear, but
presumably she is not fed;
1. Since she is Mekudeshes, her husband does not want
her to be disgraced (by having to beg. Since he will
feed her, she is not fed from her father's estate).
(o) Objection (Rav Chisda): Logically, she should be fed! Her
husband is unsure whether or not she has a Mum (a blemish
that would invalidate the marriage), so he will not
freely throw away his money (to feed her. Therefore, she
is fed from her father's estate.)
(p) Version #2 - Answer (Rav Yosef): I didn't hear, but
presumably, she is fed. Her husband is unsure whether or
not she has a Mum, so he will not feed her.
(q) Objection (Rav Chisda): Just the opposite! Since she is
Mekudeshes, her husband does not want her to be
disgraced.
4) WHICH GIRLS ARE FED
(a) Question: If a girl did Mi'un, is she fed?
(b) Answer (Rav Sheshes - Beraisa): A widow, divorcee or
Yevamah in her father's house is fed;
1. R. Yehudah says, she is fed only if she is still in
her father's house.
2. Question: The first Tana said the same!
3. Answer: Rather, they argue about a Mema'enes. The
first Tana says that she is fed; R. Yehudah says
that she is not.
(c) Question (Reish Lakish): Is the daughter of a Yevamah
from her Yavam fed after the Yavam dies?
1. Since we learned that she collects her Kesuvah from
the property of her first husband, she is not fed
(he obligated himself to feed only his own
daughters);
2. Or, since if there is not property from the first
husband the Yavam writes her a Kesuvah from his own
property, she is fed!
(d) The question is unresolved.
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